Shoulders, Knees & Sports

Ernesto Luciano-Perez, MD, with patient Cassy Whitlow

Our shoulders and knees experience natural degeneration as they age, and sports can compound the process. Ernesto Luciano-Perez, MD, sports medicine and orthopedic surgeon at Bon Secours Maryview, discusses shoulder and knee health.

How does age affect shoulders and knees?

The most prevalent injury in shoulders occurs in the rotator cuff. The degenerative process translates into symptoms. Patients experience pain when reaching, when doing overhead activity and at night, making it hard to sleep. With further aging, bone degeneration is more prevalent, and patients develop significant arthritis. Because the knee is a weight-bearing joint, knee arthritis tends to be more symptomatic.

What kinds of sports have the biggest impact on shoulders and knees?

When a patient is athletic, we see more repetitive injuries. For example, shoulder injuries are common in swimming, baseball, volleyball and tennis because of the overhead motion they require. By comparison, athletes experience repetitive stress knee injuries from playing football or basketball.

What should you do if you experience shoulder or knee problems?

You should first apply the R.I.C.E. rule to the injured area: Rest, Ice, Compress (or wrap) and Elevate. Taking over-the-counter anti-inflammatories may also help. If you still have trouble with mobility, motion or swelling after following the R.I.C.E. rule for a few days, see a physician.

What can you do to keep your shoulders and knees healthy?

Be sure to condition your body, and not just for the sport you play. Good practices include stretching, aerobics, body strengthening, good overall physical fitness, proper weight management and a healthy diet.

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